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The Ottoman Empire feels like an entity of a time long past, while the name Nintendo conjures up images of modernity — electronics, video games, arcades, and mustachioed plumbers. However, Nintendo was actually founded before the Ottoman Empire ended, and this period of overlap isn’t measured in a matter of months or even a few years. When the Ottoman sultanate was eliminated in 1922 after the widespread geographic shuffle that followed World War I, Nintendo had already been in business for 33 years. 

Ottomans and Turks are the same thing.

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The Ottoman Empire was a tapestry of ethnicities that were not exclusively Turkish — in fact, the entire empire wasn’t even exclusively Muslim. As the BBC explains, calling the Ottoman Empire “Turkish” is similar to calling everything that made up the British Empire “English.”

Of course, this wasn’t the Nintendo that many of us know today — Nintendo didn’t make its first electronic video game until 1975. Founded on September 23, 1889, Nintendo began with a humble mission: selling playing cards, specifically Japanese-style cards called Hanafuda. The company did pretty well, but decided to expand further in later decades. Nintendo struck a deal with Disney in 1959 to create playing cards with Disney characters on them, and in the 1960s, Nintendo sold a series of successful children’s toys, including Ultra Hand and Home Bowling, before becoming the official Japanese distributor of the Magnavox Odyssey — the first commercial home video console. Seeing the promise of such a machine, Nintendo threw its weight behind this emerging entertainment category. The rest, as they say, is history.

Numbers Don't Lie

Numbers Don't Lie

Number of present-day countries that include territory at one time controlled by the Ottoman Empire
43
Copies of “Wii Sports” sold, Nintendo’s bestselling game (it came with the Wii)
82.9 million
Year Osman I founded the Ottoman Empire in what’s now Turkey
1299 CE
Number of levels in the original Super Mario Bros., released in Japan in 1985
32

The Ottoman Empire is named for the Turkish Muslim prince ______ (1259–1326).

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The Ottoman Empire is named for the Turkish Muslim prince Osman I (1259–1326).

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If Mario were a real person, his jump would be 25 feet high.

On February 7, 2021, an American man named Christopher Spell jumped 1.70 meters (roughly 5.5 feet) when standing still, clinching the title of highest standing jump in Guinness World Records. Although an impressive feat, it’s nothing compared to Mario’s jumping prowess. According to physics calculations conducted by the website TechRadar, Nintendo’s overalled mascot could miraculously jump 25 feet into the air if he were a real person — that’s five times his overall height (at 5 feet, 1 inch). However, Mario’s impressive strength isn’t just in his legs. In the original Super Mario Bros., the titular character can rip through a brick block, which is about four bricks high, with ease. It would take an estimated 16,681 newtons of force to achieve such a feat, but when martial artists break through a single brick, they produce roughly 3,000 newtons of force. These calculations prove that Mario isn’t just a plumber — he’s a superhuman.

Darren Orf
Writer

Darren Orf lives in Portland, has a cat, and writes about all things science and climate. You can find his previous work at Popular Mechanics, Inverse, Gizmodo, and Paste, among others.

Original photo by Vladimir Sukhachev/ iStock

True ambidexterity is the ability to use one’s left and right hands equally well when it comes to tasks such as writing or throwing a ball. This rare trait naturally occurs in roughly 1% of the global population (around 82 million people). In a 2019 study, 1.7% of respondents said they could use both hands interchangeably, far fewer than the 89% who were right-handed and the 9.3% who were lefties. 

The study also found a higher predisposition for ambidexterity among males than females (2.1% and 1.4%, respectively), which some theorize may have to do with the effect higher testosterone levels have on brain development (though this has yet to be conclusively proved). This is just one of several studies on handedness — the tendency to use one hand over another — and while the exact percentages of right-handed, left-handed, and ambidextrous people vary, the results are largely consistent across the board.

Thomas Jefferson learned to write with his left hand at the age of 43.

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Though he was a natural righty, Jefferson learned to write with his left hand after dislocating his right wrist in 1786. The founding father’s left-handed letters were surprisingly legible, though the handwriting slightly differed from those written with his right hand.

The root cause of ambidexterity — or any handedness, for that matter — remains tough to pin down. One 2009 study suggests it may be determined by a combination of genetics and environmental influences (for instance, being taught to write with a certain hand in school). It’s also believed that ambidextrous people possess atypical brain laterality compared to right-handed individuals, which forms during development.

This cerebral asymmetry is arguably why ambidextrous people have a higher propensity toward conditions including ADHD, and also why they generally are less proficient than right-handed people in topics such as arithmetic and logical reasoning. Ambidextrous people also possess a unique versatility when it comes to sports, playing music, or performing everyday physical activities.

Numbers Don't Lie

Numbers Don't Lie

Career home runs hit by Mickey Mantle (the most by a switch-hitter)
536
U.S. presidents who were left-handed
7
Percentage of the global population with green eyes
~2%
Longest distance (in miles) walked on two hands
870

Despite being left-handed, ______ often played right-handed guitars flipped upside down.

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Despite being left-handed, Jimi Hendrix often played right-handed guitars flipped upside down.

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Leonardo da Vinci wrote from right to left.

Italian, like most languages, is traditionally written from left to right, yet the famed Italian polymath Leonardo da Vinci wrote his notes from right to left — a unique style known as mirror writing. Not only was the direction reversed, but each letter was also flipped horizontally as if viewed through a mirror. 

Some theorize that Leonardo practiced mirror writing to make it more difficult for people to read his notes and steal his ideas. Interestingly, he only used mirror writing when composing personal notes; if the text was intended to be read by anyone else, he wrote in the standard direction. 

Others believe that Leonardo used mirror writing to avoid ink smudges on his left hand, which he used to write. The Renaissance man was a lefty (though some argue he was actually ambidextrous) and was known among his contemporaries as “mancino” — Italian slang for a left-handed person.

Bennett Kleinman
Staff Writer

Bennett Kleinman is a New York City-based staff writer for Inbox Studio, and previously contributed to television programs such as "Late Show With David Letterman" and "Impractical Jokers." Bennett is also a devoted New York Yankees and New Jersey Devils fan, and thinks plain seltzer is the best drink ever invented.

Original photo by rupixen/ Unsplash

Legendary reggae musician Bob Marley once said, “One good thing about music, when it hits you, you feel no pain.” Turns out, science backs him up. According to a 2023 study by scientists at McGill University in Montreal, listening to your favorite music reduces pain by one point on a 10-point scale. Scientists asked a series of questions after 63 participants experienced pain while listening to either their favorite songs, relaxing songs picked for them, scrambled music, or silence. Once each seven-minute round was over, subjects rated the music’s pleasantness and how many “chills” — that goosebump feeling you get when listening to moving music — they experienced. Listening to preferred music, especially moving music, far outranked other scenarios, and participants ranked the pain as less intense and less unpleasant. 

Listening to classical music makes newborns smarter.

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No, listening to classical music as a newborn (or fetus) will not make you smarter. This idea originates from a small 1993 study that found mild improvements in spatial intelligence among college students who listened to Mozart, but any effect on babies is a myth.

Although this particular study focuses on music’s impact on physical health, the medical world has long known the healing powers of music when it comes to the mind. Music’s ability to reduce stress and anxiety while improving cognitive ability and memory inspired a field of medicine known as music therapy, which has existed in some form since the late 18th century. So while listening to your favorite Beatles track or kicking back with some Beethoven won’t be enough to curtail serious pain, music can help mellow out the aches of everyday life.

Numbers Don't Lie

Numbers Don't Lie

Age (in years) of the oldest known song, “Hurrian Hymn No. 6,” found on a cuneiform tablet
3,400
Year the German company Bayer registered the name Aspirin
1899
Number of Americans who experience chronic severe pain every day
40 million
Selling price of Stradivarius’ “Lady Blunt” violin, the most expensive instrument ever sold
$15.9 million

People who don’t like music have a condition called ______.

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People who don’t like music have a condition called ​​musical anhedonia.

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In 1865, a single chord changed Western music forever.

On June 10, 1865, at the National Theatre in Munich, Germany, audiences heard for the first time one of the most innovative moments in music history. Within the opening seconds of the opera Tristan und Isolde, Richard Wagner delivered a strange augmented sixth chord that’s known today simply as the “Tristan chord” — and it’s arguably the most analyzed chord ever. With this one chord and the dissonance that followed, Wagner upset the conventional rules of tonality and inspired future composers’ exploration of atonality. The chord, in itself, wasn’t an innovation — previous composers such as Mozart, Beethoven, Bach, and Chopin had used it — but the genius was in the way it was used. Traditionally, in Wagner’s time, tonal dissonance resolved quickly to consonant harmony. However, in Tristan und Isolde, which is based on a Celtic legend about two doomed lovers, Wagner uses dissonance and atonality to emphasize the pain of longing and unrequited love. Only at the opera’s conclusion — some four hours later — do audiences finally hear the chord’s resolution.

Darren Orf
Writer

Darren Orf lives in Portland, has a cat, and writes about all things science and climate. You can find his previous work at Popular Mechanics, Inverse, Gizmodo, and Paste, among others.

Original photo by Glasshouse Images/ Alamy Stock Photo

James A. Garfield didn’t have the strangest presidential pet — that distinction probably belongs to either John Quincy Adams’ alligator (which he kept in a bathtub) or Martin Van Buren’s two tiger cubs — but his dog Veto might have had the cleverest name. Named after the presidential power to prevent a bill passed by Congress from becoming law, the black Newfoundland was described by the Lewiston Evening Journal as “a true protector” who once alerted his humans to a barn fire by barking, and who also once “held the reins of a valuable horse on a rampage in the barn” until help arrived to resolve the equine emergency.

Garfield vetoed more bills in his first month than any other president.

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In a cruel bit of irony given his dog’s name, Garfield vetoed exactly zero bills during his brief White House tenure. Other presidents with no vetoes to their name include Millard Fillmore, Zachary Taylor, and Thomas Jefferson.

This wasn’t just a bit of humor on Garfield’s part. According to the book First Dogs: American Presidents and Their Best Friends, the 20th president “wanted to remind the rambunctious Congress of 1881 that he might not sign all of the bills it passed,” as he considered some of them “a revolution against the Constitution.” Neither Garfield nor Veto spent much time in the White House, alas. Garfield was shot by Charles J. Guiteau on July 2, 1881, and died on September 19 after just 200 days in office, with many historians believing that insufficient medical treatment contributed to his untimely death.

Numbers Don't Lie

Numbers Don't Lie

Presidents without pets (Martin Van Buren, James K. Polk, Donald Trump)
3
Sheep kept on the White House lawn by Woodrow Wilson during World War I
48
Terms Garfield spent in the House of Representatives before becoming president
9
President with a shorter term than Garfield (William Henry Harrison)
1

______ issued the most vetoes of any president (635).

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Franklin Roosevelt issued the most vetoes of any president (635).

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Theodore Roosevelt had more pets than any other president.

Though the vast majority of presidents have had pets, most have had only a few. Dogs and cats are common, especially lately, but horses were rather popular in the 19th century, and several commanders in chief have kept more exotic creatures at 1600 Pennsylvania. That includes bear cubs (Thomas Jefferson), raccoons, and even a bobcat (both Calvin Coolidge). When it comes to sheer quantity, however, no one tops Theodore Roosevelt. The 26th president had around 40 pets, including 11 horses, five guinea pigs, a badger, six dogs, a bear, a hyena, and flying squirrels, to name just a few.

Michael Nordine
Staff Writer

Michael Nordine is a writer and editor living in Denver. A native Angeleno, he has two cats and wishes he had more.

Original photo by StefaNikolic/ iStock

Next time you feel like defying gravity, consider a trip to Hawaii — specifically the island of Oahu, which is home to a reverse waterfall. Also known as the Upside Down Waterfall, Waipuhia Falls sprays up Mount Konahuanui and can be seen from Route 61 (the Pali Highway). The striking effect, visible only during the wet season between November and March, is a result of the island’s strong trade winds. They blow in a northeasterly direction, and catch the water before it can reach the bottom, making it look as though the waterfall flows in reverse.

No building on Kauai can be taller than a coconut tree.

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There is indeed a law on the books prohibiting any building on the Garden Isle from being taller than a coconut palm, or roughly four stories.

Though rare, reverse waterfalls do occur elsewhere. Perhaps the most famous is Naneghat, a waterfall in Maharashtra, India, some three hours from Mumbai. It’s at its strongest during monsoon season, from June to September. Similar phenomena have also been observed in places as varied as Utah and Sydney, though most of these are one-off events caused by extreme conditions — not that that makes them any less fascinating to watch.

Numbers Don't Lie

Numbers Don't Lie

Main islands in Hawaii
8
Total islands in Hawaii
137
Year Kamehameha became Hawaii’s first king
1810
U.S. president born in Hawaii (Barack Obama)
1

Oahu’s nickname is ______.

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Oahu’s nickname is the Gathering Place.

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The native language of Hawaii has only 13 letters.

ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi, the Indigenous language of Hawaii, includes 13 letters — five vowel sounds and eight consonants. Today, it is an official language of Hawaii, along with English. However, the language was once banned — first in 1896, three years after Americans overthrew the Hawaiian monarchy in a coup. That ban was eventually reversed, but ʻŌlelo Hawaiʻi is still considered an endangered language. Today, however, it is experiencing something of a resurgence, in part thanks to the creation of Hawaiian language immersion schools in the 1980s.

Michael Nordine
Staff Writer

Michael Nordine is a writer and editor living in Denver. A native Angeleno, he has two cats and wishes he had more.

Original photo by Kurit afshen/ Shutterstock

Although many people tend to focus on the chameleon’s ability to change its color (both for camouflage and to attract — or warn — potential mates), this amazing lizard’s tongue is an often-overlooked wonder. First, it’s the fastest “gun” in the animal kingdom: It can go from zero to 60 mph in one-hundredth of a second, something that the world’s fastest cars could never dream of achieving. But another surprising attribute of this incredible muscle is that it’s twice as long as a chameleon’s body on average — a handy feature when sneaking up on unsuspecting prey. Translated into human biological terms, that’s the same as a person having a 10- to 12-foot-long tongue. 

Giraffes have the longest tongues of any land mammal.

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Although giraffes have an amazing prehensile tongue, the anteater actually comes in first place here, with a tongue that stretches upwards of 2 feet long. Like most animal records, however, that accolade is obliterated by the blue whale, whose tongue is a staggering 18 feet long.

So how do chameleons, which are not particularly large lizards, keep this long tongue in such a small mouth? Well, scientists have discovered that a chameleon’s tongue contains elastic tissue that allows them to effectively store this secret weapon “folded up like an accordion,” in the words of National Geographic. When hunting prey, muscles contract in the mouth, similar to pulling back the string of a bow, and once that tension is released, simple physics takes over. The chameleon’s tongue propels forward with blink-and-you’ll-miss-it speed in a process scientists call “elastic recoil.” Then, a super-sticky, viscous fluid at the tongue’s tip ensnares the whiplashed insect, and the recoil returns the freshly caught meal to the chameleon’s mouth. Yum.

Numbers Don't Lie

Numbers Don't Lie

Length (in inches) of the longest human tongue from tip to teeth
3.97
Percentage of people said to be “supertasters”
25%
Running time (in minutes) of the film “Rango,” an animated Western featuring a gun-toting chameleon
107
Size (in millimeters) of the world’s smallest chameleon, the nano-chameleon Brookesia nana
22

The country of ______ contains roughly half of the world’s chameleon species.

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The country of Madagascar contains roughly half of the world’s chameleon species.

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Chameleons have 360-degree vision.

While their pincer-like feet, super-long tongues, and color-changing camouflage already make them pretty otherworldly, a chameleon’s vision is also something special. Chameleons can independently move each of their eyeballs, giving them a 360-degree view of their environment. Chameleon eyes also work like a telephoto lens, giving them the ability to zoom in on potential prey. This highly unusual visual system aids these fascinating lizards in catching food, avoiding predators, and mating. In other words, a chameleon’s eyes are perhaps the ultimate evolutionary superpower.

Darren Orf
Writer

Darren Orf lives in Portland, has a cat, and writes about all things science and climate. You can find his previous work at Popular Mechanics, Inverse, Gizmodo, and Paste, among others.

Original photo by Emanuela Casula/ iStock

When debating the best pasta shape, a few classic heavyweights are bound to be in the mix: spaghetti, penne, rigatoni, tortellini, and, of course, gnocchi. All of these can easily be made by millions of people worldwide, even those who aren’t fortunate enough to have a nonna in their life. This distinguishes those types from su filindeu, the world’s rarest pasta, which until recently only three people knew how to cook — all of whom belong to the same family.

Spaghetti Bolognese originated in Bologna.

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It was actually created in Imola, which is about 24 miles east of Bologna.

One of them is Paola Abraini, who lives in the small Sardinian city of Nuoro and wakes up every day at 7 a.m. to begin making “the threads of god,” as the pasta has been nicknamed. The recipe has been passed down in her family for more than three centuries, though they don’t exactly keep the secret under lock and key. In recent years, Abraini’s family has begun teaching others to prepare the pasta in an effort to preserve the recipe. At least two chefs in Los Angeles and one in Singapore even serve it in their restaurants. And anyone with half an hour to spare can watch a detailed instructional video about su filindeu — they just probably won’t be able to accurately replicate Abraini’s work. 

Such was the case when engineers from Barilla visited Abraini and unsuccessfully attempted to reproduce her work. That's likely because the process requires folding semolina dough into 256 perfectly even strands before stretching them diagonally across a circular frame in a three-layer pattern. There are only three ingredients — semolina wheat, water, and salt — but Abraini insists the most important ingredient is elbow grease.

Numbers Don't Lie

Numbers Don't Lie

Total number of pasta shapes
400+
Pounds of pasta eaten per capita in Italy each year
51
Pounds of spaghetti that filled a swimming pool to a set a world record in 2010
13,786
Original length (in centimeters) of spaghetti strands
50

“Pasta” comes from the Italian word for ______.

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“Pasta” comes from the Italian word for paste.

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Thomas Jefferson loved macaroni and cheese.

Before he became president, Thomas Jefferson was a foodie. “The best pasta in Italy,” he wrote in 1787, “is made with a particular sort of flour, called Semola, in Naples.” He was so impressed with “maccaroni” (as he spelled it) during his time in Italy that he had a macaroni mold maker shipped to him from Naples.

A recipe for macaroni and cheese in Jefferson’s own handwriting survives, though it was likely dictated to him by one of his enslaved chefs. It calls for whoever makes it to “work [the ingredients] together without water, and very well” and then “cut it into small peices [sic] which roll again with the hand into long slips, & then cut them to a proper length.” The founding father even served the dish during a state dinner in 1802.

Michael Nordine
Staff Writer

Michael Nordine is a writer and editor living in Denver. A native Angeleno, he has two cats and wishes he had more.

Original photo by Sharomka/ Shutterstock

If you think the son/niece/grandchild in your life is sprouting before your eyes now that the winter clothing has been shed, you're probably not imagining things. Researchers have long studied the connection between seasonal changes and youth growth patterns, with substantial evidence pointing to higher rates of growth among children in the Northern Hemisphere during the spring and summer months. While we might question results drawn from, say, a 1930 publication, newer research has validated these older findings: A 2015 study of 760 Danish students aged 8 to 11 revealed the most growth recorded around April and May, while a 2022 paper, which tracked the development of thousands of Texas kids from kindergarten to fifth grade, confirmed strong growth rates in spring and early summer.

Human noses and ears never stop growing.

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Although our noses and ears appear to get bigger as we age, it's just because they're comprised of soft cartilage. The connective fibers in skin and cartilage weaken over time, leaving these body parts susceptible to the elongating pull of gravity.

But while we have the numbers to show that children shoot up like springtime onion stalks, the science is less definitive when it comes to determining why. One possible explanation is that exposure to longer hours of sunlight may stimulate bone growth and hormone regulation. Other potential factors, which can vary according to location and financial means, include increased access to fresh foods and healthy activities come springtime. Whatever the reasons, the onset of warmer weather should provide a signal to parents that Junior will likely grow out of those pants and shoes sooner rather than later.

Numbers Don't Lie

Numbers Don't Lie

Annual growth rate (in inches) of a prepubescent child
2.5
Percentage of children born in spring, per CDC records from 1994 to 2003
24.86%
Number of children in the world aged 14 or younger
2 billion
Age at which people typically begin to shrink
40

During sleep, children get a boost of the ______ hormone secreted by the pituitary gland.

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During sleep, children get a boost of the human growth hormone secreted by the pituitary gland.

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Children gain the most weight in summertime.

While this may seem counterintuitive, given all that frolicking in parks and pools, several studies indeed show that children add the most pounds in summer. So what gives? It may simply be a sign of the technology-fueled times: Instead of chasing after friends, kids nowadays often prefer to engage in video games or other sedentary screen activities when not in school. Some experts also believe that the lack of a school day structure may be to blame: With children less likely to wake up at a regular hour, and parents less likely to enforce strict bedtimes, the irregular sleep patterns that follow end up disrupting the circadian rhythms that impact eating habits and digestion.

Tim Ott
Writer

Tim Ott has written for sites including Biography.com, History.com, and MLB.com, and is known to delude himself into thinking he can craft a marketable screenplay.

Original photo by BongkarnGraphic/ Shutterstock

Michel Lotito was a French entertainer renowned for his unusual diet, earning him the nickname “Monsieur Mangetout” (“Mr. Eat-it-All”). He was known to consume bicycles, TV sets, and other items made of metal and glass. In a 1978 interview with Canadian newspaper The Leader-Post, the man with the seemingly iron stomach claimed to have eaten his first piece of glass in a swimming pool at the age of 16 before going on to eat “plates, nails, and bottles — all to win bets.” He later carved out a career eating indigestible objects for others’ amusement.

One man has eaten more than 34,000 McDonald’s Big Macs.

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Donald Gorske is a McDonald’s superfan who has consumed more than 34,000 Big Macs. The Wisconsinite ate his first Big Mac on May 17, 1972, and loved it so much that he ate eight more that day alone. In 1999, he set the Guinness World Record for most Big Macs eaten in a lifetime (15,490).

On one occasion in 1978, Lotito ate 15 pounds of a bicycle over the course of 12 days for $5,000 (around $24,000 today), washing it down with 10 bottles of mineral oil and 100 razor blades on the side. To digest these materials, Lotito chopped the metal items into tiny pellets, stretched his meals out over multiple days, and drank plenty of water. Newspapers also reported on Lotito’s ability to consume TV sets, and he once ate a whole waterbed to help promote a Texas-based furniture company.

However, Lotito’s most awe-inspiring feat, if true, was his claim to have consumed an entire Cessna 150 aircraft between 1978 and 1980 — an achievement confirmed by Guinness World Records but deemed unverifiable (though possible) by Snopes. Lotito maintained the truth of this claim until he died of natural causes in 2006, and in a 1999 interview with journalist Ben Sherwood, he purported the plane’s rubber tires to be the least appetizing part of the aircraft.

Numbers Don't Lie

Numbers Don't Lie

Most hot dogs consumed in a single Nathan’s Hot Dog Eating Contest
76
Ounces of steak once eaten by one woman in just 20 minutes
216
Altitude (in feet) of the highest recorded dinner party
23,149
Year the Schwinn Bicycle Company was founded
1895

The first meal in space was ______.

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The first meal in space was beef and liver paste.

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A woman traveled more than 86,000 miles by bicycle in a single year.

Amanda Coker is an endurance cyclist who currently holds the record for the greatest distance cycled in a single year by either a woman or a man. She covered 86,573.2 miles between May 15, 2016, and May 14, 2017, averaging 237.19 miles each day. She largely achieved the record by cycling through the same 7-mile stretch of paved trails in Flatwoods Conservation Park near Tampa, Florida, where Coker usually spent more than 12 hours a day pedaling away.

She continued on until July 11, 2017, in an effort to become the fastest person to complete 100,000 miles. Coker finally accomplished the feat after 423 days, shattering legendary cyclist Tommy Godwin’s 500-day record set back in 1940. On October 23, 2021, Coker also became the first recorded female cyclist to break 500 miles in 24 hours, riding a whopping 512.5 miles in that brief time frame.

Bennett Kleinman
Staff Writer

Bennett Kleinman is a New York City-based staff writer for Inbox Studio, and previously contributed to television programs such as "Late Show With David Letterman" and "Impractical Jokers." Bennett is also a devoted New York Yankees and New Jersey Devils fan, and thinks plain seltzer is the best drink ever invented.

Original photo by Ridho Arifuddin/ Shutterstock

Although ants rarely appear on the menu in the United States, it’s a different story in other parts of the world. Countries in Southeast Asia, Africa, and South America — not to mention Mexico in North America — all have traditional dishes or ingredient blends that contain ants. In Laos, weaver ants add an acidic tang to fish soups, while in Mexico, fried leaf-cutting ants are a fixture at local markets. Although both larvae and adult ants can be eaten, the former is usually more appetizing; adult ants contain less flavor, though they are richer in protein. Ants also contain fiber, vitamins, and minerals such as iron, magnesium, potassium, zinc, and phosphorus. In other words, ants might just count as a superfood.

Crickets are the most common insect food.

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Although crickets are a delicacy around the world (especially in Mexico), the most commonly consumed insect is the beetle. Many species are rich in protein and vitamins, and more than 650 species have been recorded as being eaten by humans.

Nutrition aside, perhaps the most convincing reason people might consider adding ants — and other insects — to their diet is the low environmental impact of consuming these creatures. Compared to conventional livestock farming, which may produce around 17% of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions, raising insects for consumption produces less emissions, uses less land, and provides other benefits, such as pollination and waste decomposition. Even substituting corn-based animal feed with insects could take a significant bite out of the agricultural industry’s carbon footprint. With the world’s population expected to reach nearly 10 billion by 2050, some experts argue that a green-friendly source of protein and vitamins shouldn’t be ignored — even if some people will still need to get past that unappetizing “ick” factor. 

Numbers Don't Lie

Numbers Don't Lie

Estimated number of people around the world who eat insects on a regular basis
2 billion
Speed (in mph) at which the Dracula ant can snap its jaws, the fastest movement found in any animal
200
Size (in inches) of the world’s largest ant, the giant Amazonian ant
1.6
Estimated number of insect species eaten by humans around the world
2,000

The technical word for eating insects is “______.”

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The technical word for eating insects is “entomophagy.”

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The world’s most painful sting belongs to a South American ant.

Think of the most painful sting in the world, and the infamous “murder hornet” might come to mind. However, the record for the most painful sting from an animal belongs to the bullet ant (Paraponera clavata). The bite of these tiny creatures, native to parts of Central and South America, contains poneratoxin — a paralyzing toxic peptide that reportedly feels like “walking over flaming charcoal with a 3-inch nail embedded in your heel.” That’s according to American entomologist Dr. Justin Schmidt, nicknamed “the King of Sting,” who allowed a variety of species to sting him and then rated the results on a four-point scale in a pain index published in 1983. The effects of a bullet ant’s sting last around 12 to 24 hours and can include sweating, shaking, goosebumps, nausea, and vomiting — but thankfully not death.

Darren Orf
Writer

Darren Orf lives in Portland, has a cat, and writes about all things science and climate. You can find his previous work at Popular Mechanics, Inverse, Gizmodo, and Paste, among others.