Original photo by Matteo Omied/ Alamy Stock Photo

In 1943, in a letter to his first wife, Hadley Mowrer, Ernest Hemingway wrote, “One cat just leads to another.” All these years later, the famed writer’s adage rings true, especially at his former estate in the Florida Keys, which is home to about 60 cats. These feline descendants of Hemingway’s original cat colony share a special trait: They’re polydactyl, meaning they have more toes than the average housecat. (According to the museum, about half the cats there display “the physical polydactyl trait but they all carry the polydactyl gene in their DNA.”) Most domesticated felines have 18 toes — five on each front paw and four on each back foot — but polydactyl cats can have as many as eight “toe beans” on each paw.

Key West is home to thousands of street chickens.

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While Key West was called the “Isle of Cats” long before Hemingway’s horde, the city also has a hefty number of roving street chickens. The free-range fowl are both beloved and known for causing trouble, though particularly problematic poultry are relocated out of the city.

Those enlarged feet are considered lucky among sailors, who believe they help boat cats better plant their paws in turbulent waters and catch stowaway rodents. That could partly be why Hemingway, known for his love of sailing, favored polydactyl cats; the first of his colony, named Snow White, was reportedly gifted to him by a sea captain. 

Despite his reputation for machismo, Hemingway had a soft spot for cats. While he was alive, the Florida home where he penned several novels was something of a cat sanctuary, home to as many as 80 cats at once, which were frequently mentioned in his letters to family and friends. More than six decades after Hemingway’s death, his cat clan lives on. Each cat at the author’s residence is born there, given (per tradition) a celebrity name like Lucille Ball, Ginger Rogers, or Alfred Hitchcock, and granted free roam. They’re friendly with the thousands of visitors they meet each year, and may just take after Hemingway’s tough nature — fortunately, the cats safely rode out both Hurricane Irma in 2017 and Hurricane Ian in 2022 with not a hair out of place.

Numbers Don't Lie

Numbers Don't Lie

Record number of toes on Jake, a Canadian polydactyl cat, counted in 2002
28
Year Hemingway published his debut novel, “The Sun Also Rises”
1926
Number of novels written by Hemingway, including two posthumous releases
9
Years Hemingway lived at his Key West home full-time (from 1931 to 1939)
8

Polydactyl cats are also called “______” because of their paw shape.

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Polydactyl cats are also called “mitten cats” because of their paw shape.

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Author Mark Twain was known for “renting” cats.

Hemingway wasn’t the only writer with an affinity for cats. Mark Twain also was known for preferring the company of felines — and while it was just a fraction of Hemingway’s herd, Twain’s colony included nearly 20 cats at one time. The author’s ingenious wit wasn’t just reserved for his writings; his cat companions received colorful names such as Sour Mash, Soapy Sal, and Blatherskite. Cats were such constant companions for Twain that he couldn’t bear to be without them, going so far as to “rent” cats when his travels took him far from his own. In one such case, Twain spent the summer of 1906 in New Hampshire, where he borrowed three kittens from a nearby farm, naming one Sackcloth and both kittens in an identical pair Ashes. But Twain’s summertime stays weren’t just a feline fling; his cat rental fee included lifetime care for his short-term companions.

Nicole Garner Meeker
Writer

Nicole Garner Meeker is a writer and editor based in St. Louis. Her history, nature, and food stories have also appeared at Mental Floss and Better Report.

Original photo by dpa picture alliance/ Alamy Stock Photo

If you suffer from claustrophobia, you might want to avoid the world’s narrowest street. Spreuerhofstrasse — located in Reutlingen, Germany — measures 1 foot, 0.2 inches at its tightest, and a meager 1 foot, 7.68 inches at its widest, at least when last evaluated for Guinness World Records in 2006. The 65-foot-long street is also limited vertically; those over 5 feet, 10 inches have to duck at the exit, and many who pass through are pelted with drips from overhead gutters. Despite those inconveniences, tourists flock to the record-holding passageway. 

“Second Street” is the most common street name in the U.S.

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U.S. cities have used numbered streets since the 17th century, and one ordinal — “Second” — is the most common name. That’s because many cities skip having a “First Street” and instead designate that road as “Main Street.”

Sandwiched between two buildings in Reutlingen’s oldest area, Spreuerhofstrasse was initially created not as a tourist attraction, but by a 300-year-old construction faux pas. In 1726, much of the city was destroyed by a fire, and residents rebuilding the area disregarded regulations for wider spaces between buildings that were meant to prevent future devastating blazes. For its first 100 years, Spreuerhofstrasse’s status as a street was debatable, but local lore suggests that in 1820 it received its official designation as a municipal street thanks to a slender town official who could easily squeeze down the alleyway. 

However, no one is sure how long Spreuerhofstrasse will be able to hold on to its record. Within the last decade, area officials have become concerned about the adjacent buildings, as their walls slowly close in on the street’s space. If Spreuerhofstrasse becomes too narrow to pass — or widens, in the case of demolitions — the street would lose its world record, possibly to another competing lane, like England’s 14th-century Parliament Street, which measures just 25 inches wide.

Numbers Don't Lie

Numbers Don't Lie

Length (in feet) of Ebenezer Place in Wick, Scotland — the world’s shortest street
6.75
Length (in miles) of Denver’s Colfax Avenue — the U.S.’s longest commercial street
26.5
Year Philadelphia became the first American city to use numbered streets
1682
Miles of roads mapped and added to Google Maps’ photo database as of 2019
10 million+

Shibuya Crossing, the world’s busiest intersection for vehicles and pedestrians, is in ______.

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Shibuya Crossing, the world’s busiest intersection for vehicles and pedestrians, is in Japan.

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Salt Lake City has the widest streets of any major U.S. city.

Not all cities follow the same guidelines when it comes to designing their roadways. Take, for example, Salt Lake City, where the streets in the city’s heart are a hefty 132 feet wide. That’s at least double the width of streets in cities such as San Francisco and New York. Salt Lake City’s massive streets were inspired by Mormon religious leader Brigham Young; when Mormon pioneers arrived in Utah and began constructing the city in 1847, Young declared the streets should be wide enough for drivers to turn their wagons around without “resorting to profanity.” However, wide streets aren’t the easiest (or safest) for pedestrians when it comes to crossing, which is why city officials are looking to use some of that extra space for bike lanes and additional sidewalks.

Nicole Garner Meeker
Writer

Nicole Garner Meeker is a writer and editor based in St. Louis. Her history, nature, and food stories have also appeared at Mental Floss and Better Report.

Original photo by klaravlas/ iStock

Humans aren’t the only animals that suffer from motion sickness. For instance, despite being equally comfortable on land or in water, seals can reportedly get seasick if you put them on a boat. Like human beings and many other animals, they rely on their inner ears for balance. The conflict between the signals sent to the brain by their eyes and ears results in the same discomfort experienced by anyone who’s struggled to get their sea legs, but at least the adorable mammals have the option of jumping in the water to alleviate their queasiness.

Crabeater seals don’t eat crabs.

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Despite their name, these seals, which are native to Antarctica, mostly eat krill. In fact, there aren’t many crabs in Antarctica at all. The name is a misnomer attributed to them by early sealers and whalers who misunderstood the animals’ diet.

Aside from this minor impairment, however, seals are highly physically attuned to their environments. Their underwater eyesight is excellent, and their whiskers are also important when hunting. The latter allows them to sense vibrations caused by swimming prey and are so effective that even blind seals can hunt and feed underwater — just don’t ask them to share their catch on your boat afterward.

Numbers Don't Lie

Numbers Don't Lie

Years seals have existed
28 million–30 million
Species of pinnipeds
33
Maximum weight (in pounds) of the southern elephant seal
8,800
Birth year of Sheba, the oldest known seal
1974

Seals belong to a group of marine mammals known as ______, meaning “fin-footed.”

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Seals belong to a group of marine mammals known as pinnipeds, meaning “fin-footed.”

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No one knows how Baikal seals got where they are.

Baikal seals can be found in just one location: Lake Baikal in Siberia. They’re the only pinniped species that lives exclusively in fresh water, as well as one of the smallest true (aka earless) seals. As for how they came to reside in the world’s deepest, oldest, and most voluminous lake, no one knows. Between 80,000 and 100,000 Baikal seals live in the lake, so despite the enigmatic origins, they seem to be doing quite well in their environment.

Michael Nordine
Staff Writer

Michael Nordine is a writer and editor living in Denver. A native Angeleno, he has two cats and wishes he had more.

Original photo by Al Rublinetsky/ Shutterstock

Benjamin Franklin is often credited with launching the U.S. Postal Service after the Continental Congress authorized him to create postal routes in 1775. But before the ingenious founding father became the first U.S. postmaster, there was another important mail manager: a tavern owner by the name of Richard Fairbanks. About 136 years before Franklin’s post office management, Fairbanks’ tavern became the first post office in the United States. There, the businessman, who was permitted to sell “wine and strong water” along Boston’s Water Street, became responsible for collecting and distributing mail.

You can mail unwrapped coconuts from Hawaii.

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Each year, about 3,000 unwrapped coconuts are mailed from the Hoolehua Post Office on Molokai, where senders decorate, address, and affix postage to the fruit’s shell. The “Post-A-Nut” program began in 1991, offering senders free coconuts with paid postage to anywhere in the world.

Combining a post office and a bar might seem unusual by today’s standards, but in the 17th century it was a common and clever system. European practices of the time often designated inns and taverns as post offices because they were regular gathering spots within communities. Public houses had a major influence on colonial life too, providing meals and directions for travelers, entertainment, and news. That logic is why, on November 6, 1639, the Massachusetts General Court designated Fairbanks’ tavern as the official post office for “all letters which are brought from beyond the seas,” specifically meaning any correspondence between the colony and Great Britain. Fairbanks was paid one penny for each letter he handled. As for intercolonial mail, early Americans were resourceful at communicating with fellow New Worlders, privately sending their letters throughout the colonies with the help of traveling neighbors and merchants.

Numbers Don't Lie

Numbers Don't Lie

Pieces of mail processed by the USPS in 2022
127.3 billion
Size (in square feet) of the smallest U.S. post office, found in Ochopee, Florida
61.3
Year the Sanquhar Post Office, the oldest still-operating office in the world, opened in the U.K.
1712
Residential addresses that receive mail delivery in the U.S. as of 2022
152.2 million

Vanuatu, an island country in the South Pacific Ocean, has the world’s only ______ post office.

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Vanuatu, an island country in the South Pacific Ocean, has the world’s only underwater post office.

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Americans once paid to receive their mail, not send it.

Popping to the post office to purchase a book of stamps is a routine task for many Americans, though it wasn’t the norm until 175 years ago. At one time, American letter senders didn’t pay postage — the recipient of their message did. That is, until 1847, when Congress allowed the U.S. Postal Service to issue its first official stamp. Although mail service had existed in America since the Revolutionary period, by the 1840s the USPS was operating at a budget deficit, in part because delivery fees weren’t always paid upon delivery. Postage upon delivery was not cheap — the cost of sending a letter from New York City to Buffalo, New York, was as much as 25 cents at a time when many workers barely earned $1 a day. Mail recipients could refuse letters, meaning the postal service was on the hook for the round-trip delivery cost. Many Americans were skeptical of prepaying postage, believing it an insult that suggested the recipient was too poor to cover the fee, but by 1855 Congress’ mail reforms made stamps mandatory, while also standardizing and lowering the cost of mail delivery.

Nicole Garner Meeker
Writer

Nicole Garner Meeker is a writer and editor based in St. Louis. Her history, nature, and food stories have also appeared at Mental Floss and Better Report.

Original photo by Mariusz S. Jurgielewicz/ Shutterstock

The largest and oldest ocean basin on Earth, the Pacific has roughly twice as much water as the Atlantic. Yet it didn’t receive the name we know today until the 16th century. On November 28, 1520, Portuguese navigator Ferdinand Magellan — after 38 days of weathering the treacherous waters of the strait that’s now named after him at the tip of southern Chile — became the first European to reach the ocean by way of the Atlantic. Happy to have the harrowing journey behind him, Magellan referred to this new ocean as “Mar Pacifico,” meaning “Peaceful Sea.” While the moniker made sense at the time, today we know that both the Pacific and Atlantic can be tumultuous at times.

Every continent could fit inside the Pacific Ocean basin.

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70% of the Earth's surface is covered in water, and the Pacific Ocean is doing a lot of the heavy lifting. All seven continents could fit within its watery boundaries — with millions of square miles to spare.

Yet “Pacific” isn’t the only name this big blue expanse has been known by. In 1513 — seven years before Magellan glimpsed the Pacific — Spanish conquistador Vasco Nunez de Balboa led an expedition across the isthmus of Panama and named the sea he found on the other side the far less poetic “el mar del sul,” or the “South Sea.” However, the most authentic moniker for the Pacific Ocean may be the Hawaiian term “Moananuiākea.” Interestingly, this name — perhaps over a thousand years old — is closely related to the Maori “Te Moana Nui a Kiwa,” meaning the “Great Ocean of Kiwa” (Kiwa being a Maori guardian of the sea). So while “Pacific” is the name most of us now know, it’s certainly not the one used by the people who mapped and sailed the Pacific’s 63 million square miles for centuries before the Europeans arrived.

Numbers Don't Lie

Numbers Don't Lie

Year the word “america” first appeared on a map (the Martin Waldseemüller world map)
1507
Approximate number of volcanoes along the Pacific Rim, known as the “Ring of Fire”
450
Number of years after Magellan’s voyage that Sir Francis Drake led the second circumnavigation of the globe
58
Percentage of the Earth’s surface covered by the Pacific Ocean
30%

The Americas are named after the Italian explorer ______.

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The Americas are named after the Italian explorer Amerigo Vespucci.

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Ferdinand Magellan wasn’t the first person to circumnavigate the globe.

Most people learn in history class that Ferdinand Magellan was the first person to circumnavigate the globe during his famous voyage from 1519 to 1522, but the truth is a lot more complicated. For one, the famous (or infamous) explorer never actually finished the voyage from Spain to the Moluccas (Spice Islands), because he was killed in the Philippines in 1521. Another mariner on his expedition, Juan Sebastián del Cano, brought the Victoria, the last surviving vessel of Magellan’s fleet, back to Spain in September 1522. But even if Magellan had survived that skirmish, the first person to actually circumnavigate the globe may have been an enslaved individual named Enrique, whom Magellan had seized during the Portuguese conquest of Malacca in 1511. Eight years later, Enrique served as an interpreter on Magellan’s globe-trotting quest. After Magellan’s death, Enrique abandoned the mission only a few hundred miles short of Malacca. If he returned home in 1521 (we’ll likely never know), then he’d officially be the first person to ever travel the entire globe.

Interesting Facts
Editorial

Interesting Facts writers have been seen in Popular Mechanics, Mental Floss, A+E Networks, and more. They’re fascinated by history, science, food, culture, and the world around them.

Original photo by Clay Banks/ Unsplash

The modern credit card may not exist if it weren’t for a businessman who forgot his wallet more than 75 years ago. In 1949, Frank McNamara was dining with clients at Major’s Cabin Grill in New York City, when he realized he didn’t have any cash on him and couldn’t pay. Accounts differ about whether McNamara’s wife came to his rescue or he simply promised to pay the restaurant back later. In either case, he was reportedly determined never to allow this embarrassing situation to occur again and began brainstorming new ways for people to pay if they also found themselves cashless.

A billionaire once charged a $170.4 million painting to his credit card.

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In 2015, Chinese billionaire Liu Yiqian won Modigliani’s “Nu couché” (“Reclining Nude”) at auction. Rather than pay in cash or by check, he put the entire $170.4 million purchase on his American Express card — earning millions of rewards points in the process.

With the help of lawyer Ralph Schneider, McNamara conceived of a company called the Diners Club, which issued pocket-sized cardboard credit cards featuring details such as a person’s name, address, and membership number. The idea was for members to use the cards at participating restaurants, each of which kept track of a running personal monthly tab connected to each card. While the concept of a running tab wasn’t new, this was the first card that could be used at an array of businesses instead of one establishment. At the end of each month, each eatery would tell the Diners Club how much debt was owed, and the company would collect money from its members and send the necessary amount to each restaurant, minus a processing fee.

The service made its debut on February 8, 1950, when McNamara returned to Major’s Cabin Grill for a dinner that Diners Club International now refers to as the “First Supper.” At the end of the meal, McNamara provided his charge card and signed his name, serving as proof of purchase. The Diners Club became an immediate sensation, amassing more than 330 participating businesses and 42,000 card holders within a year.

Numbers Don't Lie

Numbers Don't Lie

Cards in the largest personal collection of valid credit cards
1,638
Year magnetic stripes were first added to credit cards
1969
Americans with at least one credit card account
~191 million
Highest credit score currently possible
850

A fear of spending money is known as ______.

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A fear of spending money is known as chrometophobia.

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Coca-Cola accepted mobile payments in the 1990s.

Though they’re commonplace today, digital payments didn’t exist before the 1990s. The first legitimate online transaction was in 1994, when someone purchased a copy of the Sting album Ten Summoner’s Tales online for $12.48 plus shipping. In 1997, Coca-Cola launched a rudimentary method of paying for products with a cellphone.

The company installed two vending machines in Helsinki, Finland, allowing customers to send payment using SMS text. The service was called “Dial-a-Coke,” and the charges were eventually added to the customer’s monthly telephone bill. The idea caught on, with just under one-third of the vending machines’ cans successfully purchased with a mobile phone. The concept later expanded to Tallinn, Estonia, by 1999 and Australia in 2001.

Interesting Facts
Editorial

Interesting Facts writers have been seen in Popular Mechanics, Mental Floss, A+E Networks, and more. They’re fascinated by history, science, food, culture, and the world around them.

Original photo by kate_sept2004/ iStock

If you go into an Italian restaurant and order spaghetto, chances are you’ll leave hungry. That’s because “spaghetto” refers to just a lone pasta strand; it’s the singular form of the plural “spaghetti.” Other beloved Italian foods share this same grammatical distinction — one cannoli is actually a “cannolo,” and it's a single cheese-filled “raviolo” or “panino” sandwich. Though this may seem strange given that these plural terms are so ingrained in the English lexicon, Italian language rules state that a word ending in -i means it’s plural, whereas an -o or -a suffix (depending on whether it’s a masculine or feminine term) denotes singularity. (Similarly, “paparazzo” is the singular form of the plural “paparazzi.”) As for the term for the beloved pasta dish itself, “spaghetti” was inspired by the Italian word “spago,” which means “twine” or “string.” 

The BBC once told viewers that spaghetti grows on trees.

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It may seem outlandish in retrospect, but on April Fools’ Day, 1957, the BBC informed viewers that there was a “spaghetti farm” in Switzerland. They even aired a fabricated video featuring Swiss women harvesting spaghetti from an orchard. Of course, it was just a (skillful) hoax.

Despite pasta’s deep association with Italy, it’s far from an Italian invention. Though its precise origins are somewhat obscure, Arab traders are thought to have introduced pasta to Sicily sometime in the eighth or ninth centuries. Even pasta sauce isn’t originally Italian: Tomatoes were brought to Europe in the 16th century by explorers from the New World, with the first tomato sauce recipe appearing in a 1692 Italian cookbook written by chef Antonio Latini. More than 300 years later, spaghetti is a perennially popular dish, even if most of us haven't always known what to call it.

Numbers Don't Lie

Numbers Don't Lie

Weight (in pounds) of the world’s largest bowl of pasta
17,417
Cans of SpaghettiOs sold per year
175 million
Length (in feet) of the longest pasta noodle
12,388
Year the spaghetti Western “A Fistful of Dollars” was released
1964

National Spaghetti Day occurs on ______ each year.

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National Spaghetti Day occurs on January 4 each year.

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Thomas Jefferson helped popularize pasta in the United States.

Around the time he served as U.S. minister to France (1784–1789), future President Thomas Jefferson wrote, “The best maccaroni in Italy is made with a particular sort of flour called Semola, in Naples.” Jefferson even tasked his secretary and diplomat William Short with tracking down a machine for making “maccaroni,” a term he used to describe pasta in general. Jefferson was known for offering pasta to his dinner guests during his presidency, and even had his own written recipe for an early form of mac and cheese that survives to this day. He was also known for serving White House visitors other European delicacies of the time, such as macaroons and ice cream. Though Jefferson was the famous face often connected to pasta’s growing popularity, his Black, enslaved cooks were the ones truly responsible for crafting the delicious dishes – among them James Hemings, Peter Hemings, Edith Hern Fossett, and Frances Gillette Hern.

Bennett Kleinman
Staff Writer

Bennett Kleinman is a New York City-based staff writer for Optimism Media, and previously contributed to television programs such as "Late Show With David Letterman" and "Impractical Jokers." Bennett is also a devoted New York Yankees and New Jersey Devils fan, and thinks plain seltzer is the best drink ever invented.

Original photo by Daniel Krasoń/ Alamy Stock Photo

eBay is one of the world’s largest online retailers, auctioning off nearly anything you can think of. While vehicles, jewelry, and electronics are some of the most commonly sold items today, there’s one unusual purchase cemented in the digital storefront’s history: a broken laser pointer.

Silicon Valley developer Pierre Omidyar launched eBay from his home in 1995, though originally it was called Auction Web. When it came time to test the online venture, Omidyar decided to list an inexpensive item he already owned, uploading an ad for a broken laser pointer. He had purchased the $30 device for presentations, but ended up using the laser to play with his cat. When the laser pointer broke after a few weeks, the eBay founder listed it online for $1, making sure to clearly label the device as inoperable. After a week, interest picked up, and a bidding war kicked off; the final, winning bid for the laser pointer topped out at $14.83.

eBay was created for Pez dispenser collectors.

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In eBay’s early days, rumors swirled that founder Pierre Omidyar created the site as a way to find more Pez dispensers for his fiancée’s collection. The myth, which was started by the company’s PR specialist to attract attention to the site, was debunked in 2002 but lives on.

Soon after, the online auction marketplace exploded in popularity, and within two years the company had rebranded to its current name and sold its millionth item — a Sesame Street-themed jack-in-the-box toy. However, it would take another two decades for Omidyar’s broken laser pointer to resurface. Canadian Mark Fraser came forward in 2015 amid the company’s 20th anniversary celebration, identifying himself as the very first eBay customer. A self-proclaimed “electronics geek,” he purchased the discounted laser pointer with the hopes of repairing it himself. Although unsuccessful, Fraser held onto the tool for decades and more recently even considered relisting the item on eBay to see what it would fetch.

Numbers Don't Lie

Numbers Don't Lie

Year the first laser was invented, by physicist ​​Theodore Maiman
1960
Final eBay bid for a cornflake shaped like Illinois, sold in 2008
$1,350
eBay sale price for a grilled cheese sandwich resembling the Virgin Mary, in 2004
$28,000
Approximate number of live listings on eBay
1.9 billion

More than $500 million worth of ______ have been sold on eBay.

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More than $500 million worth of Beanie Babies have been sold on eBay.

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The first item scanned at a grocery store was a pack of gum.

Lasers have many practical applications, though when they were first invented in 1960, scientists weren’t sure exactly how they could be used. At one point, the technological breakthrough was considered a “solution seeking a problem.” With more experimenting, lasers slowly became commonly used tools — and one of the first places to utilize them was the grocery store checkout. The first supermarket scanners were installed in Marsh Supermarket in Troy, Ohio, in 1974; paired with the newly devised Uniform Product Code (aka UPC or barcode), the scanners could automatically record purchases and tally grocery totals through a computerized system for the first time. A pack of Wrigley’s Juicy Fruit chewing gum was the first item scanned using the system, a choice that wasn’t left to chance — grocery store executives were initially dubious that tiny UPCs could be scanned successfully.

Nicole Garner Meeker
Writer

Nicole Garner Meeker is a writer and editor based in St. Louis. Her history, nature, and food stories have also appeared at Mental Floss and Better Report.

Original photo by United Archives GmbH/ Alamy Stock Photo

In the early days of the internet, settling on the perfect username sometimes required finding the right niche email service — like the first G-mail, which gave cat lovers the ability to show off their feline fervor. Those first email accounts weren’t handled by Google, owner of today’s incredibly popular Gmail service; instead, they were run by the studio behind the Garfield comic strip. Paws, Inc. — owned by Garfield creator Jim Davis — launched “Garfield’s G-mail” around 1997, though internet historians have few details to go on about its origins or eventual demise. What is known is that the service allowed users to sign up for their own email address that ended with “@catsrule.garfield.com.” G-mail was, after all, marketed as “email with cattitude.”

“Garfield” cartoonist Jim Davis was inspired by the “Peanuts” comics.

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Davis drew inspiration from Snoopy when creating his Garfield character. Garfield was a hit with readers, though it’s believed “Peanuts” creator Charles Schulz was not a fan.

Internet lore suggests the original G-mail was shuttered when Google’s Gmail emerged, though online sleuths say that’s unlikely, considering that Google didn’t launch its email service until 2004, and Paws, Inc., moved its email service to the “@e-garfield” domain around 2001. Plus, Paws, Inc., never used the “@gmail” domain name. It’s more likely the digital mailboxes were eventually shuttered once interest died off, as happened with many now-outdated remnants of the internet’s past. Garfield comics, however, have remained popular with cartoon enthusiasts, and a new animated film hit theaters in 2024, returning the fictional tabby cat to the screen for the first time in 15 years.

Numbers Don't Lie

Numbers Don't Lie

Year a Garfield balloon debuted in the Macy’s Thanksgiving Day Parade
1984
Year electrical engineer Ray Tomlinson sent the very first email
1971
Episodes of “Garfield and Friends,” which aired 1988 to 1994
121
Average time per day (in hours) full-time employees spend checking email
2.6

Garfield goes by the name ______ in Sweden.

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Garfield goes by the name Gustav in Sweden.

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Google’s name came from a typo.

Today, “Google” is both a noun and verb, but at one time, the tech giant’s name was simply a typo. In 1997, Google founder Larry Page and fellow Stanford student Sean Anderson were coming up with titles for a data-indexing website when the name emerged. Initially, Anderson suggested “googolplex” (one of the largest describable numbers), which was then shortened to “googol.” Anderson went online to see if the term was available to purchase for a web domain, but misspelled the word, typing “google” instead. The name stuck: Google.com was registered as a domain in September 1997, and its search engine feature debuted a year later. But building Google’s more popular services would take some time — the search engine wouldn’t release its email accounts for six more years, and at first through invite-only. Eventually, of course, Gmail grew into the digital mainstay it is today.

Nicole Garner Meeker
Writer

Nicole Garner Meeker is a writer and editor based in St. Louis. Her history, nature, and food stories have also appeared at Mental Floss and Better Report.

Original photo by Patti McConville/ Alamy Stock Photo

Food and drink often taste different on an airplane, usually more bland. But ginger ale maintains a crisp, dry flavor that makes it known for being even better when enjoyed in the air. It all has to do with the way cabin conditions affect our taste buds. Humidity levels inside an airplane cabin generally hover around just 20%, though this can dip even lower. This dryness — combined with low cabin pressures — reduces oxygen saturation in the blood, which in turn lessens the effectiveness of some taste receptors.

Dr Pepper was once marketed as a hot beverage.

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Though it’s primarily enjoyed as a cold soda today, Dr Pepper was marketed as a hot drink from the late 1950s into the 1970s. Seasonal ads ran during winter to increase sales, and consumers were told to heat Dr Pepper to 180 degrees, pour it over a thin slice of lemon, and enjoy.

A 2010 study commissioned by German airline Lufthansa found that typical cabin conditions inhibit our taste buds’ ability to process salty flavors by as much as 30% and sweet flavors by as much as 20%. And a 2015 study suggests that loud noises in your standard cabin impact the body’s chorda tympani facial nerve, which also lessens the intensity of any sweet-tasting fare.

In the case of ginger ale specifically, passengers typically report that it tastes less sweet than normal in the air. However, while our taste buds may not be able to sense the sugar, the beverage still possesses a sharp, extra-dry flavor, which is often thought to feel more refreshing than ginger ale on the ground. The crispness comes from the slightly spicy nature of ginger flavoring. It makes ginger ale an especially popular beverage aboard planes, and many travel guides recommend ordering the drink in flight for its unique  flavor.

Numbers Don't Lie

Numbers Don't Lie

TSA’s size limit (in ounces) for any liquids in a carry-on bag
3.4
Year soda was first sent into space
1985
Original cost of a bottle of Coca-Cola in 1886 (~$1.69 today)
Length (in days) of the longest nonstop plane flight
64+

The five basic tastes are sweet, salty, sour, bitter, and ______.

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The five basic tastes are sweet, salty, sour, bitter, and umami.

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The first in-flight meals were sold on a 1919 flight from London to Paris.

When the first scheduled commercial flights began in 1914, they lacked many modern amenities, including in-flight meals, which weren’t served until 1919 aboard a Handley Page Transport plane connecting London and Paris. On October 11, the company offered passengers boxed lunches containing sandwiches and fruit, which cost 3 shillings (equal to around $11 today).

In-flight dining made its way to United States airlines by the late 1920s, with Western Air Express helping pioneer the concept. It offered passengers meals containing fried chicken, fruit, and cake on flights between Los Angeles and San Francisco, though they were unheated and prepped prior to departure. In 1936, United Airlines became the first major airline to install galleys and ovens on planes, allowing crews to heat meals in flight for the first time.

Bennett Kleinman
Staff Writer

Bennett Kleinman is a New York City-based staff writer for Optimism Media, and previously contributed to television programs such as "Late Show With David Letterman" and "Impractical Jokers." Bennett is also a devoted New York Yankees and New Jersey Devils fan, and thinks plain seltzer is the best drink ever invented.